Mourinho guided his then FC Porto side to victory against United in 2004 before the Portuguese team went on to win the Champions League and he enjoyed many classic encounters with Ferguson's side as manager of Chelsea.
Elsewhere, Juventus manager Claudio Ranieri returns to Stamford Bridge after Chelsea were drawn against the Turin-based side.
Ranieri spent four years in charge of Chelsea before being replaced by Mourinho, since when he endured difficult spells at Valencia and Parma before taking charge of Juve last year.
Liverpool play Real Madrid in a repeat of the 1981 European Cup Final in Paris, which was decided by Alan Kennedy's goal, while inconsistent Arsenal face an AS Roma side that is currently tenth in the Serie A table.
Elsewhere, Barcelona will start as favourites to progress against Lyon while Atletico Madrid take on Iberian rivals FC Porto.
Sporting Lisbon, who finished as runners-up to Barcelona in Group C, take on a Bayern Munich side that had the best record in the group stages, while outsiders Panathinaikos have been drawn against the 2006 semi-finalists Villarreal.
The full draw is:
Chelsea v Juventus
Villarreal v Panathinaikos
Sporting Lisbon v Bayern Munich
Atletico Madrid v FC Porto
Lyon v Barcelona
Real Madrid v Liverpool
Arsenal v AS Roma
Internazionale v Manchester United
Source:
http://www.football.co.uk